ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To detect the changes of leukotriene E4(LTE4), prostaglandin D2(PGD2), carboxypeptidase A3(CPA3) and platelet activating factor (PAF) in guinea pigs died from anaphylactic shock.@*METHODS@#Guinea pigs were used for establishing anaphylactic shock models. The levels of LTE4, PGD2 and CPA3, and PAF were detected in urine, plasma, and brain tissues with ELISA kit, respectively. The significant biomarkers were selected comparing with control group. The changes of PGD2, CPA3 and PAF in the guinea pigs at time zero, 12 and 24 hours after death were observed and compared respectively. The effect of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) to PAF in guinea pig brain was examined and compared.@*RESULTS@#There were no statistically differences of LTE4 levels in urine observed between experimental group and control group. The levels of CPA3, PGD2 and PAF in the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group at 0 h. The levels of PAF at 12 and 24 hours after anaphylactic shock were significantly higher than that in the control group. The levels of PAF decreased significantly after pretreatment with PAF-AH.@*CONCLUSION@#LTE4 in urine cannot be selected as a biomarker to determine the anaphylactic shock. PGD2 and CPA3 in plasma, and PAF in brain tissue may be used as biomarkers to determine the anaphylactic shock. PAF-AH may be potentially useful for clinical treatment of anaphylactic shock.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase/pharmacology , Anaphylaxis/prevention & control , Brain/pathology , Carboxypeptidases/blood , Case-Control Studies , Disease Models, Animal , Egg Proteins/administration & dosage , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Guinea Pigs , Leukotriene E4/urine , Platelet Activating Factor/metabolism , Prostaglandin D2/blood , Time FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the feasibility of a bone cancer pain model by injecting the Lewis lung carcinoma cells into the femur bone marrow cavity of C57BL/6 mice.@*METHODS@#Sixty clear grade male C57BL/6 mice (body weight 18 approximately 20 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups(15 in each group). Cancer cell inoculated group: 2*10(6) Lewis lung carcinoma cells in 10 microL PBS were injected into the left femur bone marrow cavity, and the other 3 control groups were injected the heat inactivated Lewis cells, PBS, or a false operation respectively. Spontaneous lifting time and mechanical allodynia threshold of the mice hind paw were measured in the alternative days throughout the experiment. The structural damage of the femur was monitored by radiogram on the 7th,15th, and 23rd day respectively,and the pathohistological changes of the femur bones were observed by HE staining on the same days.@*RESULTS@#Those mice that received intra-femur innoculation of Lewis lung carcinoma cells gradually developed the spontaneous pain, which was began on the 11th day after the innoculation, and followed by mechanical allodynia. The course of flinch lasted in the later experimental session. The 50% Von Frey threshold was significantly decreased on the 13th day after the innoculation, and the mechanical allodynia lasted the whole experimental period. On the 23rd day after the innoculation, X-ray film showed that the medullary cavity of ipsilateral distal femur was filled with tumor cells, and the cortical bone became thick; furthermore, the tumor cells invaded the peripheral muscles.@*CONCLUSION@#Injecting the Lewis lung carcinoma cells into the femoral medullary cavity of C57BL/6 mice can successfully establish a murine bone cancer pain model, and the murine model shows much resemblance compared with the human bone cancer pain.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Bone Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung , Disease Models, Animal , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Neoplasm Transplantation , Pain, Intractable , Random Allocation , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the correlation between microvascular density (MVD) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in the glioma.@*METHODS@#We examined 35 patients with histologically verified glioma. Gadolinium-enhanced dynamic TurboFLASH imaging was performed preoperatively in all patients followed by conventional MRI. The steepest slope (SSmax) of curve and corresponding Tm1 in "first-pass" phase were obtained by analyzing time-signal curve. All specimens were immunostained with anti-human Factor VIII relative antigen monoclonal antibody postoperatively by streptavidin-peroxidase method to obtain the MVD. The correlation between SSmax, Tm1, and MVD was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#SSmax was positively correlated with MVD (r = 0.640, P < 0.01). Tml was negatively correlated with MVD (r = -0.671, P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The MVD correlates obviously with SSmax and Tml in the glioma. Analyzing the time-signal curve of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI is helpful to predict the angiogenesis in the glioma.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Brain Neoplasms , Contrast Media , Gadolinium , Glioma , Image Enhancement , Methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Methods , Microcirculation , Neovascularization, PathologicABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the influence of epimeric glycyrrhizic acid on production of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the lungs induced by ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) injury.Methods Twenty healthy long-ear white rabbits of both sexes, weighing 1.1-2.1kg were randomly divided into 2 groups: group I I/R alone ( n = 10) and group II I/R + epimeric glycyrrhizic acid (n = 10). The animals were anesthetized with thiopental 25 mg?kg-1 and tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated (FiO2 = 100% , VT = 10-13 ml?kg, RR = 20-30 bpm, I:E= 1: 1.2). Anesthesia was maintained with fentanyl, thiopental and vecuronium. Femoral artery was cannulated for continuous direct BP monitoring. MAP was maintained at 70-90 mm Hg during experiment. Right interval jugular vein was cannulated. Catheter was inserted into right atrium for fluid administration, blood sampling and right atrial pressure monitoring. Chest was opened and the hilum of right lung was mass-ligated to induce ischemia for 60 min and then released for reperfusion for 60 min. Epimeric glycyrrhizic acid 30 mg?kg-1 was given iv 30 min before ischemia of the right lung. Blood samples were taken from right atrium and femoral artery for determination of ET-1 concentration before ischemia of right lung (T0) and 1 and 5 min after right lung started being perfused (T1 , T2). At the end of 60 min reperfusion of the right lung, the animals were sacrificed and lungs (right and left) were removed for electron microscopic examination. Results In group 1 at T, the ET-1 levels in the blood from both femoral artery and right atrium were significantly higher than the baseline (T0) and the ET-1 concentration in the blood from femoral artery was significantly higher than that from right atrium. In group II there was no significant difference in blood ET-1 concentration between T0 and T, .Conclusion Ischemia-reperfusion induces increased production of ET-1 in the injured lung. Epimeric glycyrrhizic acid can inhibit the increase in the production of ET-1 in the induced by I/R.